The unemployment rate rose in the first three months of this year and reached 7.9%, according to data released on Thursday (7) by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The percentage amounts to 7.934 million people.
In the fourth quarter 2014, unemployment stood at 6.5% and in the first three months of last year, at 7.2%.
While the Northeast had the highest unemployment rate in the country, 9.6%, the South had the lowest, 5.1% in the period, below the national average. In the analysis by states, the two extremes were with the Rio Grande do Norte, where unemployment reached 11.5%, and Santa Catarina, where the rate reached 3.9%.
The figures are part of the National Survey by Household Sampling (PNAD) Continuous, which replaces the traditional annual PNAD and the Monthly Employment Survey (PME). For the first time, the survey provides detailed information on the labor market in Brazil, in major regions and states.
“A third of the 27 federation units that marked the first quarter of 2015 the highest rate , since the [2012] series, the entire marked rate forever. There was increase of the unemployment rate in several regions. You have increased unemployment, which is superior in terms proportional to the increase in occupancy. Compared with January , February and March 2014, there was an increase it. But when you compare with October, November and December, it is natural to be higher, that is seasonal, “said performance coordinator and work of the IBGE, Cimar Azeredo.
According to the IBGE, the unemployed population increased 23% over the previous quarter and 12.6% in the first three months of 2014.
Differences by gender and education
Pnad pointed out significant differences in unemployment rates between men and women. In the first quarter, the rate was 6.6% for men and 9.6% for women.
The survey also showed that unemployment for those with incomplete secondary education is higher among all groups , reaching 14%. In the case of those with incomplete higher education, the rate was 9.1% and for those with college degrees, reached 4.6%.
income
In the first quarter, the average real income (all winnings received during the month) of all employed workers was estimated at R $ 1,840 – stable number over the same period last year. Compared to the previous quarter, revenue grew 0.8%.
“The increase is expected, given that you have layoff of temporary workers, who are people who earn less. And when you have fewer people earning less then the income ends up. “
According to the National Survey by Household Sampling (PNAD) Continuous, which replaces the traditional annual PNAD and the Monthly Survey of Employment Survey (PME), and now brings detailed states by labor market data and regions were above the national average the southeastern workers income (R $ 2,116), South (R $ 2,007) and Central West (R $ 2,090 ).
The lower yields were seen in Maranhão (R $ 946), Piauí (R $ 1,122) and Ceará (R $ 1,137), and the largest in the Federal District (R $ 3,046) in São Paul (R $ 2,401) and Roraima (R $ 2,146).
“For Brazil, the final bill was stable [of labor income]. As we have strong regional differences, the movements tend to be different, but on average the end, the performance is stable. But you will see in some regions, you have differences in terms of income level, you have big differences, “Azeredo said.
Work Portfolio
Most workers employed in the private sector, 78.2% had a formal contract. The number has not changed compared to previous quarters. Among domestic workers, the rate is much lower. In the first quarter, only 32.3% had a formal contract. In the same quarter 2014, the percentage was 31.5%.
“Do you realize that 78% of private sector employees, except domestic worker, have working papers. And that number placed by domestic reverses, 67% have no formal contract. “
occupancy level
The level of employment, an indicator that measures the proportion of the population occupied in relation to the population of working age was estimated at 56.2%. The highest percentages set out in the South region (60.6%) and Midwest (60.3%). The Northeast had the lowest level of employment (51.4%).
In Brazil, 39% of people of working age were classified as “not in the labor force”, ie those who do not were employed or unemployed in the reference week of the survey.
“In the month, you have significant loss of 851,000 jobs. In the year, you have increase of 0.8%, which is 762,000. The occupancy rate fell because the natural increase [age population to work] was 1.9%, and the employed population only grew 0.8%. It rises [the employed population], but it rises less than vegetative growth. “
The Northeast region was the one with the largest share of people outside the labor force (43.1%). The South (36.2%) and Midwest (34.9%) had the lowest percentages.
Monthly Survey 2016
The yield coordinator and work of the IBGE, Cimar Azeredo, said the Monthly Employment Survey should be closed in January 2016. Regarding the disclosure on Thursday, he said that “it is a historic moment because it is starting the cyclical disclosure process labor market by UF and never had. “
He added that the annual Pnad will field in 2015, for disclosure also in 2016.
The Pnad Continuous visit about 3,464 municipalities in the quarter . “That is, about 250 thousand households a quarter.”
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